a)

\(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Na + 2H₂O --> 2NaOH + H₂ (1)

             0,6<----------------------0,3

=> m_Na = 0,6.23 = 13,8 (g)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

            0,1<-0,2

=> m_Fe = 0,1.56 = 5,6 (g)

m_Cu = 10 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Na=\dfrac{13,8}{13,8+5,6+10}.100\%=46,94\%\\\%Fe=\dfrac{5,6}{13,8+5,6+10}.100\%=19,05\%\\\%Cu=\dfrac{10}{13,8+5,6+10}.100\%=34,01\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)

PTHH: Fe_xO_y + yH₂ --t^o--> xFe + yH₂O

             \(\dfrac{0,3}{y}\)<--0,3

=> \(M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{17,4}{\dfrac{0,3}{y}}=58y\left(g/mol\right)\)

=> 56x = 42y

=> \(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{3}{4}\) => CTHH: Fe₃O₄

a)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Na + 2H₂O --> 2NaOH + H₂

            0,6<----------------------0,3

             Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

            0,1<--0,2

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Na}=0,6.23=13,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=10\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{13,8}{13,8+5,6+10}.100\%=46,94\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{13,8+5,6+10}.100\%=19,05\%\\\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{10}{13,8+5,6+10}.100\%=34,01\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b)
PTHH: Fe_xO_y + yH₂ --t^o--> xFe + yH₂O

            \(\dfrac{0,3}{y}\)<--0,3

=> \(M_{Fe_xO_y}=56x+16y=\dfrac{17,4}{\dfrac{0,3}{y}}\left(g/mol\right)\)

=> \(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)

=> CTHH: Fe₃O₄

2Al+6HCl->2AlCL3+3H2(1)

Mg+2HCL->MgCL2+H2(2)

Cu+2H2SO4(đặc)->CuSO4+SO2+2H2O(3)

(3)=>nCu=nSO2=2,24/22,4=0,1mol

=>mCu=0,1.64=6,4g ???? lớn hơn m hỗn hợp đề chắc sai

Trong \(20,4g\) hỗn hợp có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=c\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow65a+56b+27c=20,4\left(1\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45mol\)

\(BTe:2n_{Zn}+2n_{Fe}+3n_{Al}=2n_{H_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow2a+2b+3c=2\cdot0,45\left(2\right)\)

Trong \(0,2mol\) hhX có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Zn:ka\left(mol\right)\\Fe:kb\left(mol\right)\\Al:kc\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow ka+kb+kc=0,2\)

\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{6,16}{22,4}=0,275mol\)

\(BTe:2n_{Zn}+3n_{Fe}+3n_{Al}=2n_{Cl_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow2ka+3kb+3kc=2\cdot0,275\)

Xét thương:

 \(\dfrac{ka+kb+kc}{2ka+3kb+3kc}=\dfrac{0,2}{2\cdot0,275}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{2a+3b+3c}=\dfrac{4}{11}\)

\(\Rightarrow3a-b-c=0\left(3\right)\)

Từ (1), (2), (3)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1mol\\b=0,2mol\\c=0,1mol\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=6,5g\\m_{Fe}=11,2g\\m_{Al}=2,7g\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b

=> 27a + 24b = 6,3

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

            a------------------------->1,5a

            Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂

            b--------------------------->b

=> \(1,5a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

=> a = 0,1; b = 0,15

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) 

PTHH: M_xO_y + yH₂ --t^o--> xM + yH₂O

             \(\dfrac{0,3}{y}\)<--0,3

=> \(M_{M_xO_y}=x.M_M+16y=\dfrac{17,4}{\dfrac{0,3}{y}}\)

=> \(M_M=21.\dfrac{2y}{x}\left(g/mol\right)\)

Xét \(\dfrac{2y}{x}=1\) => Loại

Xét \(\dfrac{2y}{x}=2\) => Loại

Xét \(\dfrac{2y}{x}=3\) => Loại

Xét \(\dfrac{2y}{x}=\dfrac{8}{3}\) => M_M = 56 (g/mol) => M là Fe 

a, ptpứ:

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\left(1\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(2\right)\)

gọi số mol Mg là x mol , số mol Al là y mol ( x; y >0)

ta có pt : \(24x+27y=6,3\left(3\right)\)

theo bài : \(nH_2=0,3mol\)

theo ptpư(1) \(nH_2=nMg=xmol\)

theo ptpư(2) \(nH_2=\dfrac{3}{2}nAl=\dfrac{3}{2}ymol\)

tiếp tục có pt : \(x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,3\left(4\right)\)

từ (3) và (4) ta có hệ pt:

\(24x+27y=6,3\\ x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,3\)

<=> \(x=0,15\) ; \(y=0,1\)

\(mMg=24x=24.0,15=3,6gam\)

\(mAl=27y=27.0,1=2,7gam\)

Đáp án là D. 38,55%.